SQL injection (SQLi) is a cyberattack that threatens web applications and databases. It involves injecting malicious SQL code into an application, allowing attackers to view, modify, or even delete data within a database.
To execute an SQL injection attack, malicious users exploit vulnerabilities in web applications that interact with databases. SQL, or Structured Query Language, is a programming language specifically designed for managing data in relational database management systems. Attackers insert malicious SQL code into strings passed to a SQL server, tricking the server into executing unintended commands.
The impact of a successful SQL injection attack can be severe and can have various negative consequences for an organization:
To effectively protect against SQL injection attacks, it is necessary to understand the different types of techniques employed by attackers. SQL injection attacks can be categorized into three main types:
In-band SQL injection is the most common type of attack. It involves the attacker using the same communication channel for the attack and to gather results.
Error-based SQL injection uses SQL commands to generate error messages from the database server. By examining these error messages, attackers can gain insights into the database structure, which can later be exploited.
Union-based SQL injection uses the UNION SQL operator to combine multiple select statements and return a single HTTP response. Attackers can leverage this technique to extract information from the database.
Read also: Common cyberattack vectors
To minimize the risk of SQL injection vulnerabilities, consider implementing the following security measures:
See also: HIPAA Compliant Email: The Definitive Guide