Prescription records are covered under HIPAA because they are protected health information (PHI). This means that pharmacies and healthcare providers must protect the privacy and security of these records. They have to ensure that the information in the prescription records is only shared for valid reasons like treatment, payment, and healthcare operations to keep individuals' private information secure.
The key elements within prescription records that render them as PHI and individually identifiable health information include:
See also: What is protected health information (PHI)?
HIPAA Privacy Rule mandates that healthcare providers and pharmacies only use and disclose the minimum necessary information from these records for specific purposes like treatment, payment, or healthcare operations. For treatment, pharmacists can share prescription information with doctors to discuss drug interactions, whereas for payment, information can be disclosed to insurance companies for billing.
The rule also allows using these records for healthcare administrative functions and compliance with legal and public health requirements. The Privacy Rule empowers patients with rights over their prescription records, including access, amendment, and being informed about disclosures. Any other use or disclosure of prescription records outside these specified activities requires explicit patient authorization.
See also: What are HIPAA’s Privacy Rule provisions?
Pharmacies should assess each situation to determine what constitutes the minimum necessary information when handling prescription records. This involves evaluating the specific purpose of the request or use of the information. For instance, when a pharmacist is dispensing medication, only the required information for that transaction, such as the patient's name, prescription details, and dosage instructions, should be used. Similarly, if the information is for billing or insurance purposes, only the details relevant to that specific transaction should be disclosed. Pharmacies should have clear policies and staff training to ensure everyone understands and consistently applies the minimum necessary standard.
See also: HIPAA Compliant Email: The Definitive Guide